xaloc
/
python-cheat-sheet

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% Python Cheat Sheet
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% Version 1.0 (11/06/13)
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% Brian Amberg (baposter@brian-amberg.de)
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%	Title
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{\bf\textsc{Python Cheat Sheet}\vspace{0.5em}} % Poster title
{\textsc{ P y t h o n \ \ \ \ \ C h e a t \ \ \ \ \ S h e e t \hspace{12pt}}}{\textsc{\\ Xaloc \hspace{12pt}}} 

%------------------------------------------------
% Python Basics
%------------------------------------------------
\headerbox{Python Basics:}{name=objectives,column=0,row=0}{
%--------------------------------------
\colorbox[HTML]{DA74F3}{\makebox[\textwidth-2\fboxsep][l]{\bf - Hints:}}\begin{itemize}\compresslist\item Be careful with blank spaces! They can make a big difference in the code.\item Your code will not run without the correct indentation!\item \# This is a comment - use it to make a one line comment or to comment out a line\item ''''''\newline Everything in between three quote marks will be considered a comment - it can be used to make comments that span more than one line with line breaks in them \newline''''''\end{itemize}

%--------------------------------------
\colorbox[HTML]{DA74F3}{\makebox[\textwidth-2\fboxsep][l]{\bf - Numbers:}} \linebreak \linebreakPython uses integer and float numbers. You can use the type function to check the value of an object:\\\begin{tabular}{l l}\textbf{}\\type(3) & returns: <type 'int'> \\type(3.14) & returns: <type 'float'> \\\end{tabular}
\dotfill \newline
%--------------------------------------
\colorbox[HTML]{DA74F3}{\makebox[\textwidth-2\fboxsep][l]{\bf - Inputs:}}%\begin{tabular}{lp{2.0cm}lp{3.0cm}|}

\begin{tabular}{lp{5.3cm}lp{3.0cm}|}A = input() & Waits for you to enter some characters and saves them in A\\\end{tabular}\begin{tabular}{lp{4.7cm}lp{3.0cm}|}B = int(input()) & Waits for you to enter integers and saves them in B \\\end{tabular}\begin{tabular}{lp{3.0cm}lp{3.0cm}|}input("Press ENTER") & Waits for you to press ENTER to continue - since there is no variable declared it won't save anything. \\\end{tabular}\begin{tabular}{lp{2.6cm}lp{3.0cm}|}A = input("message") & Prints "message" and waits for you to enter a value that will be saved in A\\\end{tabular}

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}
%------------------------------------------------
% Python logic
%------------------------------------------------

\headerbox{Basic logic in Python}{name=introduction,column=1,row=0,bottomaligned=objectives}{
%------IF--------
\colorbox[HTML]{DA74F3}{\makebox[\textwidth-2\fboxsep][l]{\bf - if}}\begin{itemize}\compresslist\item if condition1:\\\text{ }\quad ........\# do something if condition1 is true \\elif condition2:\\\text{ }\quad ........\# do something if condition2 is true \\else:\newline\text{ }\quad ........\# do something if both are false\end{itemize}

%------WHILE--------
\colorbox[HTML]{DA74F3}{\makebox[\textwidth-2\fboxsep][l]{\bf - while:}}\begin{itemize}\compresslist\item while condition:\\\text{ }\quad ........\# while condition is true keep doing something, make sure that the condition will be false at some point\end{itemize}

%------FOR--------
\colorbox[HTML]{DA74F3}{\makebox[\textwidth-2\fboxsep][l]{\bf - for:}}\begin{itemize}\compresslist\item for x in sequence\\\text{ }\quad ........\# for x in the given sequence\\\text{ }\quad ........\# do something for every item\\\text{ }\quad ........\# the sequence can be a list,\\\text{ }\quad ........\# elements from a string, etc.
\item for x in range(10)\\\text{ }\quad ........\# repeat something 10 times (from 0 to 9)
\item for x in range(5,10)\\\text{ }\quad ........\# repeat something 5 times (from 5 to 9)\end{itemize}
\colorbox[HTML]{DA74F3}{\makebox[\textwidth-2\fboxsep][l]{\bf - Logic tests}}\linebreak \\\begin{tabular}{l l}10 == 10 & returns: True \\10 == 11 & returns: False \\10!= 11 & returns: True \\"jack" == "jack" & returns: True \\"jack" == "jake" & returns: False \\10 > 10 & returns: False \\10 >= 10 & returns: True \\"abc" \text{>=} "abc" & returns: True \\"abc" \text{<} "abc" & returns: False \\\end{tabular}}

%------------------------------------------------
% Python Lists
%------------------------------------------------

\headerbox{Python Lists}{name=results,column=2,span=2,row=0}{
\colorbox[HTML]{DA74F3}{\makebox[\textwidth-2\fboxsep][l]{\bf - Python Lists}}\linebreak \\\text{Lists are made form elements of any type (they can alternate types)} \linebreak \\\begin{tabular}{@{}ll@{}}\textbf{Using Lists in Python}\\\multicolumn{2}{l}{\cellcolor[HTML]{ECB6F9}Creation} \\a\_list = [5,3,'p',9,'e'] & creates: [5,3,'p',9,'e'] \\\multicolumn{2}{l}{\cellcolor[HTML]{ECB6F9}Accessing items} \\a\_list[0] & returns: 5 \\\multicolumn{2}{l}{\cellcolor[HTML]{ECB6F9}Slicing} \\a\_list[1:3] & returns: [3,'p'] \\\multicolumn{2}{l}{\cellcolor[HTML]{ECB6F9}Length} \\len(a\_list) & returns: 5 \\\multicolumn{2}{l}{\cellcolor[HTML]{ECB6F9}count( item)} \\\multicolumn{2}{l}{returns how many times the item was found in the list.} \\\text{ }\text{ }count(a\_list('p') & returns: 1 \\\multicolumn{2}{l}{\cellcolor[HTML]{ECB6F9}Sorting - sort()} \\a\_list.sort() & returns: [3,5,9,'e','p'] \\\multicolumn{2}{l}{Sorting without altering the list} \\print(sorted(a\_list)) & returns: [3,5,9,'e','p'] \\\multicolumn{2}{l}{\cellcolor[HTML]{ECB6F9}Adding - append(item)} \\a\_list.append(37) & returns: [5,3,'p',9,'e',37] \\\multicolumn{2}{l}{\cellcolor[HTML]{ECB6F9}Inserting - insert(position,item)} \\insert(a\_list.append(3),200) & returns: [5,3,200,'p',9,'e'] \\\multicolumn{2}{l}{\cellcolor[HTML]{ECB6F9}Retornar e remover - pop(position)} \\a\_list.pop() & returns: 'e' and the list becomes [5,3,'p',9] - deletes last element \\a\_list.pop(1) & returns: 3 and the list becomes [5,'p',9,'e'] - deletes element 1 \\\multicolumn{2}{l}{\cellcolor[HTML]{ECB6F9}Delete - remove(item)} \\a\_list.remove('p') & returns: [5,3,9,'e'] \\\multicolumn{2}{l}{\cellcolor[HTML]{ECB6F9}Insert} \\a\_list.insert(2,'z') & returns: [5,'z',3,'p',9,'e'] - insert in given position \\\multicolumn{2}{l}{\cellcolor[HTML]{ECB6F9}Invert - reverse()} \\reverse(a\_list) & returns: ['e',9,'p',3,5] \\\multicolumn{2}{l}{\cellcolor[HTML]{ECB6F9}Concatenating} \\a\_list+[0] & returns: [5,3,'p',9,'e',0] \\a\_list+a\_list & returns: [5,3,'p',9,'e',5,3,'p',9,'e'] \\\multicolumn{2}{l}{\cellcolor[HTML]{ECB6F9}Find} \\9 in a\_list & returns: True \\for x in a\_list & returns  the whole list, one element per line \\\text{ }\quad ......print(x) &  \end{tabular}%------------------------------------------------
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%	TITLE SECTION 
%----------------------------------------------------------------
{\bf\textsc{Python Cheat Sheet}\vspace{0.5em}} % Poster title
{\textsc{ P y t h o n \ \ \ \ \ C h e a t \ \ \ \ \ S h e e t \hspace{12pt}}}{\textsc{\\ Xaloc \hspace{12pt}}} 
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%	Other Elements
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\headerbox{Other Elements}{name=method,column=0}{
\colorbox[HTML]{DA74F3}{\makebox[\textwidth-2\fboxsep][l]{\bf - Key words}}\begin{tabular}{lp{5.8cm}lp{1.0cm}}{\bf Oper.} & {\bf Description}\\print & prints on the screen \\break & stops a loop if necessary\\continue & restarts loop ignoring commands below \\is & Tries an object identity \\def & Used to create a new function defined by the user \\return & Exit the function and returns a value \\global & Access variables defined globally (outside of a function) \\del & Deletes objects \\\end{tabular}

\colorbox[HTML]{DA74F3}{\makebox[\textwidth-2\fboxsep][l]{\bf - Libraries}}Libraries are a collection of functions and methods that allow you to perform many actions without writing your code\linebreak \\\textbf{Using Libraries in Python}\\\begin{tabular}{lp{5.8cm}lp{1.0cm}}import & imports a library inside a script\\as & gives an alias to the library \\from & imports a specific function from a library\\\end{tabular}\linebreak\textbf{Useful Libraries}\\\begin{tabular}{lp{5.8cm}lp{1.0cm}}numpy & library for maths\\matplotlib & library for plotting \\tkinter & library to create GUI\\random & library for random numbers\\\end{tabular}
\colorbox[HTML]{DA74F3}{\makebox[\textwidth-2\fboxsep][l]{\bf - Functions}}\begin{itemize}\compresslist\item def f\_name(args):\\\text{ }\quad ........\# operations done by the function\text{ }\quad return value\_to\_return\end{itemize}
\colorbox[HTML]{DA74F3}{\makebox[\textwidth-2\fboxsep][l]{\bf - Dictionaries}}A dictionary is a list of keys and values, where you can access a value by its key. All keys must be different.\\car = ["brand" : "Hummer",\\\text{ }\quad\text{ }\quad "model":"H2",\\\text{ }\quad\text{ }\quad "year":2009,]\\
\colorbox[HTML]{DA74F3}{\makebox[\textwidth-2\fboxsep][l]{\bf - Tuples}}A tuple is a list of values separated by a comma - very similar to a list but tuples are immutable (you are not allowed to change their values):\\a\_tuple = ('a','b','c')}
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%	Operators
%----------------------------------------------------------------
\headerbox{Python Operators}{name=results2,column=1}{Lets take a=10 and b=20 as example:\\\colorbox[HTML]{DA74F3}{\makebox[\textwidth-2\fboxsep][l]{\bf - Arithmetic operators}}\begin{tabular}{lll}{\bf Op.} & {\bf Description} & {\bf Example} \\+ & Addition & a + b returns: 30 \\- & Subtraction & a - b returns: -10 \\* & Multiplication& a * b returns: 200 \\/ & Division & b / a returns: 2 \\\% & Module & a \% b returns: 0 \\** & Exponential & a**b returns: $10^{20}$ \\// & Euclidean Division & 9 // 2 returns: 4\end{tabular}
%----Comparison operators-----------
\colorbox[HTML]{DA74F3}{\makebox[\textwidth-2\fboxsep][l]{\bf - Comparison Operators}}Basic comparation opration can be used in different ways for any type of value - numbers, strings, sequences, lists, etc. The answer will always be True or False.\\\begin{tabular}{lll}{\bf Op.} & {\bf Description} & {\bf Example} \\< & Less than & a < b returns: True \\<= & Less or equal & a <= b returns: True \\== & Equal & a == b returns: False \\> & Greater than & a > b returns: False \\>= & Greater or equal & a >= b returns: False \\!= & Different & a != b returns: True\end{tabular}
%------Logic Operators-----------
\colorbox[HTML]{DA74F3}{\makebox[\textwidth-2\fboxsep][l]{\bf - Logic Operators}}The logic operators {\bf and} and {\bf or} Also return a Boolean value when used in a decision structure.\\\begin{tabular}{lp{6.5cm}lp{1.0cm}|}{\bf Op.} & {\bf Description}\\and & If the result of both sides is true, returns: True \\or & If one of the results on either side is true, returns: True \\not & It is used to invert the result of any Boolean operation.\end{tabular}

%------Operations with strings----------
\colorbox[HTML]{DA74F3}{\makebox[\textwidth-2\fboxsep][l]{\bf - String Operators}}Using a=['Hello'] and b=['Python']\begin{tabular}{lp{6.5cm}lp{1.0cm}lp{1.0cm}} %\begin{tabular}{lll}
{\bf Oper.} & {\bf Example} \\+ & a + b returns: HelloPython \\* & a*2 returns: HelloHello \\.[ ] & a[1] returns: "e" \\.[ : ] & a[1:4] returns: "ell" \\in & H in a will give 1 \\not in & M not in a returns: 1 \\\end{tabular}
}
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%	Examples
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\headerbox{Examples}{name=conclusion,column=2,span=2,row=0}{A few examples to see how actual python code looks like. 
\colorbox[HTML]{DA74F3}{\makebox[\textwidth-2\fboxsep][l]{\bf Simple Hello World with print}}\lstinputlisting{simple_hello.py}
\colorbox[HTML]{DA74F3}{\makebox[\textwidth-2\fboxsep][l]{\bf Hello World with function}}\lstinputlisting{func_hello.py}
\colorbox[HTML]{DA74F3}{\makebox[\textwidth-2\fboxsep][l]{\bf Hello your name}}\lstinputlisting{hello_name.py}
\colorbox[HTML]{DA74F3}{\makebox[\textwidth-2\fboxsep][l]{\bf Using a library}}\lstinputlisting{library.py}
\colorbox[HTML]{DA74F3}{\makebox[\textwidth-2\fboxsep][l]{\bf if loop}}\lstinputlisting{if.py}
\colorbox[HTML]{DA74F3}{\makebox[\textwidth-2\fboxsep][l]{\bf while loop}}\lstinputlisting{while.py}
\colorbox[HTML]{DA74F3}{\makebox[\textwidth-2\fboxsep][l]{\bf for loop}}\lstinputlisting{for.py}}


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